Retention and relapse form one of the most important components of successful orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic relapse has remained one of the persistent problems in long-term success of comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Clinical research in contemporary orthodontic scenario has determined the changes taking place several years after orthodontic treatment and its influencing factors. Factors, including growth, periodontium, age, third molars, tooth dimensions, etc., have been held responsible for posttreatment relapse. Many treatment procedures have been devised to ensure stability and prevent or at least avoid posttreatment changes so as to reduce relapse. A proper understanding of the changes and various factors affecting retention and relapse process is important. Newer orthodontic treatment modalities, though might provide an ideal end treatment result, will fail to produce a significant impact for the patient if orthodontic retention and relapse is not considered.
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