Mandibular molars can have an additional root located I ingually (the radix entomolaris) or buccally (the radix paramolari s). If present, an awareness and understanding ofthis unusual mot and its root canal morphology can con tribute to the soutcome of voot cunal treatment. This report discusses endodontic treatment ofmandibu lar molars With Oiboth Of which in the Indian population. The prevalence, the external morphological variations and internal anatomy of the radix cntomolaris and paramolaris arc described.
Carabelli G, Systcmatisches Handbueh der Zahnhcilkunde, 2nd ed. Vienna: Braumullcr und Seidel, 1844:114.
Bolk L. Bcmcrküngcnüber W urzelvarlalionenam menschli chenunleren Molaren. Zeiting fur Morphologie und Anthropologie 1915;17:605-10.
Carlsen O, Alexandersen V. Radix entomolaris: identification and morphology. Scan J Dent Res 1990;98:363-73.
Carlserr O, Alexandersen V. Radix paramolaris ill permanent mandibular molars: Identification and morphology. Scan Dent Res 1991; 99:189-95.
Sperber GH. Moreau JL. Study of the number of rcots and canals in Senegalese first permanent mandibular molars. Int Endod J 1998;31:112-6-31.
Tratman EK- Three-rooted lower molars in man and their racial distribution. Br Dent J. 1938;64:264-74.
Calberson FL, De Moor R.I, De Roose CA. The radix entomolaris and paramolaris: Clinical approach in endodontics. J Endod. 2007;33:58-63.
Prabhu NT, Munshi AK. Additional distal root in permanent mandibular first molars: report of a case. Quint Int 1995,26(8)567-69.
Chen YC, Lee Y Y, Pai SF, Yang SF. The morphologic characteristics of distolingual roots of nlandibular first molars i Taiwanese population. J Endod 2009;35:643-5.
Yew S, Chan K. A retrospective study of endodontically treated mandibular first molars in a Chinese population. J Ended 1993; 19: 471-73.
James K, Bahcall. Visual enhancement. In: Ingle JI, Bakland LK, Baumgartner JC, editors. Ingle's Endodontics. 6th ed. Hamilton: BC Decker Inc; 2008. p. 870-76.