Journal of Scientific Dentistry

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2018 | July-December | Volume 8 | Issue 2

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From the Editor's desk

Prof. R. Saravana Kumar

From the Editor's desk

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:1] [Pages No:1 - 1]

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-1  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

436

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

Krishnapriya V, Murugaboopathy Vikneshan, Senthil M

Knowledge and Awareness About Effects of Sesame Oil Pulling and Its Health Benefits Among Dental Students of Igids, Puducherry: A Cross Sectional Study

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:2 - 7]

Keywords: Oil pulling, Sesameoil, Chlorhexidine, Dental Caries, Halitosis

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-2  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate knowledge and awareness about effects of sesame oil pulling and its health benefits among dental students. A Questionnaire containing 16 questions was distributed to 200 clinical dental students (under graduates from 3rd year to interns and postgraduates). They were asked about their attitudes toward oil pulling in general and their knowledge regarding specific sesame oil pulling. of the 200 students responding to the survey, 77.5% know what is oil pulling. However, 12.5% don\'t know what is oil pulling. 53.5% agreed to the statement “Dentist (practitioner) should advise oil pulling for patient with moderate oral health for maintenance”, whereas 10.5% of the disagreed and 36% were not sure whether dentist should advise oil pulling for patient with moderate oral health for maintenance. The results of this survey provide insight into the Knowledge and awareness of clinical students both undergraduates and postgraduates towards effect of sesame oil pulling and its health benefits. This study highlights need for educational interventions and the importance of providing awareness about sesame oil pulling among clinical students..

1,509

CASE REPORT

Singh V, Kumar N, Gauba K

Removable Mandibular Retractor- An Effective Treatment for Early Class III Malocclusion: A Case Report and Review

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:8 - 12]

Keywords: Developing class III, removable mandibular retractor, simple appliance

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-8  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Developing class III malocclusion presents a challenge to clinicians due to its varied etiology. Several treatment modalities have been developed over the years to tackle this anomaly. However, most of the appliances are either difficult to fabricate and use or not tolerated well by the patient. Removable mandibular retractor is a simple and convenient yet often overlooked appliance for management of early class III malocclusion. Only a few case reports of the appliance in use are present in the literature. This case report presents the case of a 10 year old patient treated successfully with this appliance.

1,403

REVIEW ARTICLE

Nandini Pugal, Praveen Rajesh, Dhanavel Chakravarthy, Padmaraj S.N, Vijayaraja

Contemporary Dentin Bonding Agents-A Review

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:13 - 19]

Keywords: Dentin bonding agent, etch and rinse, wet bonding

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-13  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The purpose of contemporary dentin bonding agent is to know or understand the clinical effectiveness of contemporary resin-based dentin bonding agents primarily focusing on the longevity of restoration. Despite the significant improvements of adhesive systems, the bonded interface remains the weakest area of tooth-colored restorations. The most important reasons for the failure of adhesive restorations with earlier adhesives are the loss of retention and the deficient marginal adaptation. However, the introduction of reliable adhesive restorative materials has subsequently reduced the need for extensive tooth preparation. Dentin bonding has evolved from no-etch to total-etch to self-etch systems. The development of self-etching primer adhesive systems has greatly simplified resin bonding procedures, as a separate etching step is no longer required. There is much interest and activity nowadays with dentin bonding agents. More focus has been laid upon conservative approach of tooth preparation. Therefore, introduction of adhesive restorative materials has reduced the need for an extensive tooth preparation. Modern dental bonding systems come as a “three-step system”, where the etchant, primer, and adhesive are applied sequentially; as a “two-step system”, where the etchant and the primer are combined for simultaneous application; and as a “one-step system”, where all the components should be premixed and applied in a single application (so-called seventh generation of bonding agents So, now the newer generations of bonding agents, self-etch, total etch and their mechanisms and their inner microscopic changes are explained in detail in the forthcoming pages.

3,713

REVIEW ARTICLE

Sarath K, Sathyanarayanan R, Nithin Joseph Jude

Evolution of The Efficiency of Various Methods of Fixation for Zygomatico Maxillary Complex Fractures

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:20 - 24]

Keywords: Zygomatic complex fractures, Semirigid fixation, drill free screws

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-20  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Back Ground: Despite the prevalence of zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, there is no consensus regarding the best approach to management. The aim of this review is to discuss the evolution and compare the efficiecy of various fixation methods of zygomatico maxillary complex fractures. Objective: To discuss the evolution and compare the efficiecy of various fixation methods of zygomatico maxillary complex fractures. Data Sources: A detailed search was undertaken on major electronic databases. The search was restricted to English language. Review Methods: Randomised controlled trials, experimental studies were included in the review. Conclusions: This narrative review concluded that there was enough evidence to suggest that patients may benefit from rigid and semirigid internal fixation using miniplates in zygomatico maxillary complex fractures.

551

REVIEW ARTICLE

Vinoth Kumar, Arvina R, Sivaranjani K S, Hema P, Arun Varghese R

Role of Immunology in Periodontal Disease: A Brief Review

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:25 - 28]

Keywords: Immunology, Periodontitis, Pathogens, Cytokines, Antibodies

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-25  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Periodontitis is a highly complex and multifactorial disease. In recent years, researchers began to focus on bacterial-host interactions. It had been recognized that though the bacteria present in plaque initiates the periodontal inflammation, the host response to these pathogens equally matters in the progression of the disease. Therefore, the severity of this disease is due to a variety of factors, including the presence of periodontopathic bacteria, high levels of proinflammatory mediators and low levels of antiinflammatory mediators. However, the immune response initiated by periodontal disease seems to be much broader. This review attempts to enlighten the various immune mechanisms involved in periodontal disease initiation and progression.

4,336

REVIEW ARTICLE

R. Muthukumaran, Vezhavendhan N, Vidyalakshmi S, Santha Devy A, Premlal K R, Gayathri C

The Role of Stromelysin-3 (ST-3) in Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma- A Narrative Review

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:29 - 31]

Keywords: Oral Sqaumous Cell Carcinoma, Matrix Metallo Proteinases(MMP), Stromelysin-3 (ST3), MMP-11

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-29  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Matrix metallo proteinases (MMP) are zinc dependent endopeptitases. The role of MMP have been implicated in various physiological and pathological process including oraganogenesis, inflammation, vascular disease, wound healing, auto immune disease and cancer progression. Several MMPs was over expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the MMP found to have correlating with cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Epithelial–mesenchymal interactions involving cell–cell, cell–Extra cellular matrix (ECM), multistep process of carcinogenesis. ECM remodelling in tumor progression is mediated by MMPs. MMP 1,2,3,7,8,9,10,11,13, and 19 are most over expressed in HNSCC. The role of MMP 11(ST-3) in human breast carcinoma, ovarian cancer are well established whereas the expression of role of MMP 11 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) gives varied observations. Hence the current review is aimed to various studies involved the immunohistochemical expression of MMP 11 in OSCC.

434

REVIEW ARTICLE

Nandini Pugal, Praveen Rajesh, Preethe P M, Padhmaraj S N, Dhanavel Chakravarthy

Surface Conditioning and Silanization for Ceramic Adhesion

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:32 - 37]

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-32  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

2,983

REVIEW ARTICLE

A Santhadevy, Premlal K R, S Vidyalakshmi, R Suganya

Role of Dna Repair Pathways in Aging- A Review

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:38 - 40]

Keywords: DNA, Aging, Repair pathways

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-38  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aging is a process where decrease of function occurs followed by DNA damage. DNA replication or transcription are affected because of structural damage to DNA, which leads to alteration or elimination of fundamental cellular process. To overcome this defect cell develop certain repair mechanisms. They are Base Excision Repair, mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair, and double-strand break repair, homologous recombination, non-homologous end joining. Cancer cells can have increased rate of proliferation capacity, reduced apoptosis and increased capacity to invade basement membrane and metastasize. Because of genomic instability of cancer cell they easily break and reform chromosome and stimulate fusion of new oncogene and tumor suppressor gene are inactivated. To overcome this cancer cells should have capacity to withstand DNA damage.

450

REVIEW ARTICLE

Hema P, Saravana Kumar R, Shahinas begum B, Nandini Dimple, Vinoth Kumar B. Na, Sivaranjani KS

Microbiological Profile of Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis- A Review

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:41 - 46]

Keywords: Chronic periodontitis, Aggressive periodontitis, Microbiology, Periodontitis

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-41  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Periodontitis is an microbial oral infection associated with the destruction of gingiva, cementum, periodontium and alveolar bone process. Periodontitis is broadly classified into chronic and aggressive forms. Both are distinguished in terms of microbiology, immunology, genetic influences and clinical presentation. The etiology of periodontitis would be because of accumulation of bacterial plaque, harbouring variety of pathogenic bacteria termed as periopathogens or periodontopathogens. The periopathogens ivolved in periodontitis are anaerobic bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The microbiota of subgingival plaque contains more than 500 species of bacteria, nevertheless research has shown that Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram negative anaerobic bacterium, is the etiological agent which contributes to chronic periodontitis and is considered the keystone. Aggressive periodontitis is also influenced by microbiological, genetic, and host factors. The a comparative microbial profile between the two forms of periodontitis with the microbiological aspects of chronic and aggressive periodontitis can be explained in detail in this article.

1,741

REVIEW ARTICLE

Limly Bal Thaliyadeth, Dhanavel Chakravarthy, Padmaraj S N

XP-endo Shaper: One File Shaper System

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:2] [Pages No:47 - 48]

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-47  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

XP-endo Shaper is a truly innovative shaping instrument which can be used to radically simplify endodontic sequences. The unique feature of this file is its 3D canal shaping ability and less invasive cleaning and shaping procedures. The XP-endo Shaper is the instrument of choice for the treatment of complex canal configurations. It is the latest addition to the XP-endo range. It is a One File Shaper system.

2,786

REVIEW ARTICLE

N. Chitra, K. R. Premlal, Selvaraj Stephen

Relevance of C- reactive protein (CRP) and other inflammatory markers as valuable tool in oral and systemic diseases

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:2] [Pages No:49 - 50]

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-49  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Oral and systemic infections are posing crucial and overwhelming problems to the individuals. Inflammation has been found to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of various oral and systemic diseases such as gingivitis, periodontitis, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular ischemia, preeclampsia etc. Hence it is essential to be aware of the existing disease, careful identification of the etiological factors and diagnosis, treatment and regular follow up. Once inflammation is triggered, within few hours, a group of diverse proteins termed as acute phase proteins are synthesized by the liver and excreted into circulation as a host defense and adaptive response which is termed as acute phase response. These proteins serve as inflammatory markers and measurement of these help in identifying the status of the underlying infection.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Lijin James, U B Rajasekaran, Aniruddh Yashwant V, Helen Rachel Xavier, Basil Joseph

Self-Ligating Brackets in Orthodontics- A Narrative Review

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:51 - 57]

Keywords: Self ligating, Active, Passive, Interactive, Time, Speed

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-51  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Self-ligating brackets are a ligature less brackets system that has a mechanical device incorporated with the brackets to close off the slot. The idea of Self-ligating brackets was not new to orthodontics. It was existing for shockingly lengthy time-frame in orthodontics. Russell lock edgewise attachment being depicted by Dr Jacob Stoltenberg in 1935. More up to date structures of these brackets have on seemed even today. This proceeded with prevalence of self-ligating brackets has pulled in excess of a little level of brackets producers, deals and clients. This narrative review focuses on the different structures, rationalities and movement of self-ligating brackets.

5,299

REVIEW ARTICLE

Manjula D.C, Vandana Shekar, Jagat reddy R.C

Effect of Behavioural counselling in Tobacco Cessation

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:58 - 60]

Keywords: Behavioural counselling, Tobacco, Quitting

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-58  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Tobacco cessation is an important component of a comprehensive tobacco control strategy since quitting tobacco is the single most important intervention that can improve the duration and quality of life of every tobacco user. Behavioural counselling is the cost effective way of reducing ill health by providing both immediate and long-term health benefits at the community, national and individual levels. This short communication highlights and provides guidelines to strengthen tobacco cessation activities and various management methods of tobacco cessation in tobacco users.

879

REVIEW ARTICLE

Sivaranjani KS, Bijivin Raj V, Vinoth Kumar B. Na, Arvina R, Hema P, Ananya Sweta V

Genetic Aspects of Chronic and Aggressive Periodontitis

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:8] [Pages No:61 - 68]

Keywords: Gene, Aggressive Periodontitis, Chronic Periodontitis, Polymorphism

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-61  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Evidence suggests that there is some genetic basis for the periodontal diseases. The molecular abnormality and its genetic inheritance has been established in some cases of generalized aggressive periodontitis. Family studies indicates that this disorder is transmitted by autosomal recessive genes. Recent evidence also suggests that susceptibility to periodontal disease may be related in part to genetically determined immune responsiveness to bacteria. Although specific genetic risk factors have not been identified for the chronic periodontitis, recent studies indicate that there is significant genetic variance in the population. More precise definitions of disease phenotypes will facilitate future genetic epidemiologic studies of the periodontal diseases.

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Helen Rachel Xavier, U B Rajasekaran, Aniruddh V Yashwant, Vijay Kumar V, Lijin James, Basil Joseph

Iatrogenic Effects of Bonding in Orthodontics - A Narrative Review

[Year:2018] [Month:July-December] [Volume:8] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:69 - 74]

Keywords: Iatrogenic, Enamel cracks, White spot lesions (WSL)

   DOI: 10.5005/jsd-8-2-69  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Various procedures performed from the start till the end of orthodontic treatment such as bonding and debonding involve profound care and caution by the clinician. This can prevent iatrogenic effects of bonding procedures such as occurrence of white spot lesions, enamel cracks, tearouts and irreversible damage to the pulp. This review focuses on the various iatrogenic effects encountered and the possible precautions to be taken to prevent these effects from occurring.

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